Baby baptism not so cool? I would love to hear all of your perspectives. From first to last, in the accounts we have of the Christians at Jerusalem, divided as they undoubtedly were into many congregations, we still read of. Baptism-the faith followed by those people who compromise churches as well as a group of denominations which subscribe to a doctrine that the faith baptism should only be performed by those believers who are professing; Presbyterianism-a reformed branch of Reformed Protestantism, gets its name from the form of church government referred to as Presbyterian which is governed by ‘elders’ … We might say that the difference between Reformed Baptists and Reformed Presbyterians is many times an issue of ecclesiology rather than of sacramentology. . The SBC is Congregational, making each church congregationally led and entirely autonomous. :( And every SBC church I've ever had a connection with has elders. Bannerman’s final proof for the lawfulness of church rulers meeting together in the joint governance of the Church by means of synods or councils is found in the Jerusalem Council of Acts 15. They maintained their consistency by stating that these measures were only “recommended” not required—but often they were strongly recommended. There are many religions in the world and the most followed one is Christianity. Episcopal (Anglican) is another form of church government, meaning rule by episcopos, or bishops. [§] Again if there is a ruling elder, there must be something to rule—otherwise it’s just a name, with no functional meaning. I have left this out due to the growing length of this post, but I didn’t want someone to think I was purposely avoiding the objections. Bannerman’s first point was to show Scriptural proof for a distinct body of office-bearers, separate from the congregation at large, who rule over the church. :-P. The SBC is not "Reformed" in any meaningful sense of that term. What is it that makes a “Reformed Baptist” distinct from other kinds of Baptists and Reformed folks? Presbyterians maintain that the congregation may elect a pastor to a position in the church, but that they do not have the right to preach, nor ordain preachers. r/Reformed exists to be a place where reformed believers, in a broader understanding of the term, can come together, unified by a clear Gospel witness, to exhort one another, spur one another on intellectually in reformed theology, and discuss doctrine. You need to do some research on Reformed Baptist churches. Reformed Baptists (sometimes known as Particular Baptists or Calvinistic Baptists) are Baptists that hold to a Calvinist soteriology. Recovering the Reformed Confession: Our Theology, Piety, and Practice (Phillipsburg: Presbyterian & Reformed, 2008), 179. Bannerman’s first objective is to prove that an office of authority and government were divinely instituted by Christ or His apostles. This point is even more convincing when one considers the small spaces they likely occupied to worship, and the privacy they would’ve sought for fear of the Jews. Press J to jump to the feed. “The Congregational Principle as opposed to Presbyterianism;” and Sec. The Lutheran and Presbyterian churches are both Protestant sects of Christianity that were founded during the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century. This may seem more relevant to modern distinctions between Presbyterians and Baptists. The chapter under consideration is entitled “The Independent System of Church Polity as opposed to the Presbyterian,” and is Chapter V, in Part IV (Parties in Whom the Right to Exercise Church Power is Vested) of Banner of Truth’s edition. Their beliefs are primarily extracted from the 210 th General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church (USA) and are based on John Calvin’s theology. Several passages seem to indicate the existence of a ruling elder (Romans 12:7-8; 1 Cor 12:28), but it is 1 Timothy 5:17 that Bannerman believes is the most “decisive evidence” (830). Why should I be Presbyterian or a (Reformed) Baptist? Presbyterians maintain that it is right and lawful; Independents maintain the opposite. II. [†] This point is possibly too broad to give much support to in a brief summary; but I have tried to summarize the main point. Just posting this cause it hasn't really been mentioned in this thread yet. These churches are growing and not just because of their Monergistic theology. Quite often we have seen a significant difference also in their form of government. This Directory of Reformed Baptist churches is a collection of church listings that hold to the 1689 London Baptist Confession of Faith, correspond with and pray for other sister churches; and/or fellowship with other sister churches through family conferences, pastors' conferences and the like. vii:1: “The ruling elder’s office is distinct from the office of the pastor and teacher [using 1 Tim 5:17 as prooftext].” The Cambridge Platform was a quintessential Congregationalist document; New England Puritans drafted it. For many Baptists (but not all—there are confessional Baptists who agree with the Reformed on the Sabbath) it is a given that the Sabbath was entirely Mosaic and any Sabbath observance expired with the fulfillment of the Mosaic covenant. But ultimately he makes the final decision, and is held accountable for it. Under that name “are included those principles which lead the denomination now referred to to assert that each worshipping congregation is a Church, independent of every other congregation,–being with its office-bearers complete within itself, and having no connection with other parts of one ecclesiastical system, or united under one ecclesiastical government” (823). Most Baptists I know have accused the PCA of putting too much weight on the Westminster Standards believing it takes away from the Bible. It occurred when reformers within the Roman Catholic Church objected to official church doctrines and practices. In the case of the Congregationalists it is the members that lead, pastor, oversee, and rule—not a distinct body of men set apart for that purpose. The 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith was written along Reformed Baptist lines. The assertion here is that when the word ‘Church’ is used in the singular (i.e. On the other hand, Presbyterians … At the end of the 17th century Reformed worship in the Palatinate was prohibited. Unlike Presbyterianism, where churches are united under a joint body of elders (presbyteries), Independent Congregationalists take issue with any presbytery, council, or synod that would attempt to impose measures upon it without their consent. After much deliberation, and difference of opinion, they pronounced their judgment and subsequently commissioned certain members of the Council to carry the decision to the Churches in Antioch, Syria, and Cilicia (Acts 15:1-33, 41; 16:4ff). If you’ve made it this far, I commend you, and thank you. We also differ from Presbyterian churches regarding local church autonomy. The position held by Congregationalists necessarily undermines the plain meaning of the words. The major exceptions are, obviously, being truly "confessional," and a different understanding of Covenant Theology. Presbyterians do not deny these two meaning, but believe that there is a third way to understand ‘Church’ in the New Testament: (3) as “a combination of more than one congregation [in the same city], united together under a common government” (844). Bannerman deals with them on pages 834-837, and I leave it to your study (though I’d be willing to discuss them in the comments). A very quick explanation would be that Presbyterians believe in the fundamental continuityof the Old and New Covenants, while Reformed Baptists believe in the fundamental discontinuitybetween the Old and New Covenants. We're still united in Christ, despite the denominational differences. Although all elders are to be able to teach, the Scripture recognizes a distinction in these functions.”. Baptist vs Presbyterian? save hide report. Presbyterians: Statement of Beliefs of the First Presbyterian Church in Waco. Or do like me and attend a "big tent church" that has both. They can trace their history through the early modern Particular Baptists of England.The first Reformed Baptist church was formed in the 1630s. Again it is said that, after Peter preached, about 5,000 were added to that number. The titles, instructions, and qualifications for eldership (1 Tim 3:2-4) are given to a distinct body and not church at large (he cites 2 Tim 4:2; 1 Tim 5:19; Titus 2:15; and Titus 3:10 as examples of directions given to office-bearers and not to members in general). Bannerman then states that this narrative contains all the elements necessary “to make up the idea of a supreme ecclesiastical court, with authority over not only the members and office-bearers within the local…congregations….but also the Presbyteries or inferior church courts included in the same limits.” First, there was a question concerning doctrine that was referred to a higher court in Jerusalem. Hmm . The passage seems to indicate a distinction between an elder that “rules” and one that labors in “word and doctrine” (viz., teaching elder). Baptist vs Presbyterian . are included those principles which lead them to assert for all the members of the Church, as well as for the office-bearers, a share in its rule and administration. The main issue, in essence, is “whether or not it is lawful and right for the governing body of one congregation to unite with the governing body of a second, or third, or fourth, for the purpose of common counsel and joint authority in the exercise of rule over all” (839). Covenant Theology: most hold to the classic Reformedcontrast between the Covenant of Works in Adam and the Covenant of Grace inChrist (the last Adam) - and the Elect in Him as His seed. affords a very strong presumptive evidence in favour of the right of association for the purposes of government in the Church. “It is unquestionable that the principles of visible unity upon which Christ constituted…His Church at first have laid the foundation for the association of rulers and office-bearers for the exercise of authority in common, and seem fairly to require that association in so far as in the circumstances of the Church it is practicable, or for edification” (842-843) In other words, the catholic Church is united in its witness to the gospel, its ordinances, and its covenant relationship to Christ (Eph 4:4-6). [**], Bannerman next evaluates the Independent principle. “It is utterly impossible, upon any rational theory of interpretation, to maintain that the many thousands of converts thus particularly mentioned in Scripture, as added to the Church at Jerusalem, could have found it practicable to meet together as one worshipping assembly” (846). FaithConnector Church Websites. So I wanted to consider Bannerman’s last chapter, because I don’t think I’ve ever written anything on Presbyterianism as opposed to other models of church government. (2) Let the PCA/RB doctrine align with you, not the other way around; or in other words, know what you believe about Covenant Theology (Federal Vision, ecclesiology and polity, sacraments, etc) first and then consider which church aligns with your subscriptions. Other than that, there are not many Reformed options besides a ND Reformed church and a couple PCUSA churches. In addition to the show, both participants in the discussion would like to offer additional resources to our listeners. (1) Join the church that preaches the full counsel of God through faithful exegesis while practicing life on life discipleship and effectively engaging the community. If these two points are proven, Bannerman concludes, then the argument against Congregationalism is decided. I’d love to do an outline on every chapter, because I think it has good material for Protestants of all brands; but that would take some time, and has probably been done better by others (see here). Baptists believe that salvation can be attained only through one means, and that is faith in God. Therefore, there seems to be a strong warrant for its office-bearers to come together, in unity, for the edification and governance of the church at large. “There is not the shadow of evidence in the Word of God to prove that private members ever baptized, or dispensed the bread and wine of a Communion Table.” While the Scripture gives examples of the laying on of hands, ordination, and dispensing of the Sacraments by church leaders, it is silent with regard to the common member. [††] “A New Testament church of the Lord Jesus Christ is an autonomous local congregation of baptized believers…each congregation operates under the Lordship of Christ through democratic processes.” The Southern Baptist Faith and Message (2000); section VI. Non-Denom / Baptist. Second, there were deputies sent to take part in the council. It definitely sounds like I am Presbyterian lol. The PCA practices infant baptism and generally does baptism by sprinkling or pouring. This may or may not be a major sticking point, but I know some who get very much behind a certain form of polity get very dogmatic about it. 4. Thanks for your help. I’ll skip the biographical sketch of Bannerman (you can find one here), and get right to the chapter. Methodists reject the Calvinist’s doctrine of predestination … The power connected to doctrine, Presbyterians believe, “is exhibited in Scripture as always belonging to pastors [elders],” and never to the ordinary members. In other words, membership actually means something in Reformed Baptist churches. (2) In connection with ordinances. Here are some of the theological identity markers of Reformed Baptist … The SBC is historically Calvinist and still a good contingent of Calvinist people and pastors in the SBC. Only in extraordinary cases where necessity may dictate, is it believed that a layperson may preach to the church. But because many might not recognize that Baptists usually adhere to a congregational independency, I decided to change the title to better relate to the likely audience of this blog.**. Really, all that it means to be SBC is to give money to the Cooperative Program. One could think of it much like marriage; the husband bears the decision-making authority within the household—based on his God-ordained role, not his inherent superiority—but not at the expense of his wife or children. Reformed Baptists take seriously the duties and responsibilities of church membership. Also, we know that for several years the twelve apostles occupied ministry in that city, and Acts 11 indicates several more presbyters and deacons within the city. (2) That they are united under one government. Now this is not the only difference between historic Reformed Presbyterian churches and those churches known as Reformed Baptist. One must further account for the women, not explicitly mentioned, but implied. “The presbyters of the New Testament Church are spoken of as rulers, as pastors, as overseers, as stewards, as governments—words which all…include the idea of authority and governing power as distinctive of the office held by them” (825). Many Christians yearn for meat from the pulpit. not so much a member of the local congregation…[but] a member of the catholic Church at large, having a right of membership throughout the whole. That’s how the question is framed between these two denominations in this dispute, and it’s along these lines the debate unfolds as each side has their biblical verses and persuasive arguments. the stated and continual exercise of [these] particular functions…by a particular class, to the invariable exclusion of the members as large, would…establish the Presbyterian doctrine against the Congregational view, is exhibited in Scripture as always belonging to pastors [elders], The chief and highest exercise of Church power, to declare the mind of God from His Word, and to preach the Gospel to sinners, is ever represented as the work of presbyters, and never as the duty of the members. The Christian Reformed Church (CRC) is a Dutch Reformed denomination. And third, these representatives met with the apostles and elders at Jerusalem, and, “after due deliberation and discussion, ministerially declaring the law of Christ on the question in debate, and issuing a decree on the point.” “For it seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us to lay upon you no greater burden than these essentials…” (Acts 15:28); “Now while they were passing through the cities, they were delivering the decrees which had been decided upon by the apostles and elders who were in Jerusalem, for them to observe.” (Acts 16:4; emphasis mine on both verses; NASB). [‡‡] Historical note: In colonial New England, where Congregationalism held sway, they quickly recognized the difficulty of maintaining their idealized society—their “city upon a hill”—through the principles of Congregational Independency. the answer to that question will determine what church you should attend. Let’s look at each of these closely. The only difference between office-bearers and laypersons is that the office-bearers propose measures for adoption and, once voted on and consented to by the members, ensure their execution (822). It is within these theological systems that the stance on baptism is taken. The PCA is a Presbyterian denomination (obviously), so it will have Presbyterian (or elder-led) polity. “To office-bearers, and not to private members, was the commission given, to bind and to loose, to retain and remit sin, to hold and use the keys of the kingdom of heaven” (834). (3) In connection with government and discipline. Presbyterians believe that men need the grace of God for their salvation, but they cannot seek God on their own. Methodist vs. Presbyterian. Congregational independency, therefore, is exactly what it sounds like: a congregation dependent on nothing outside of itself for its constitution and governance. . To the best of my knowledge, Baptists hold that infant initiation belonged to the old covenant and expired with it. He makes the decision he believes is best for the family, by taking into consideration their thoughts and opinions. . And certainly there are many, many Christians from other non-Presbyterian denominations who would be reformed and agree with the Synod of Dordt, but do not necessarily hold to the Westminster Confession of Faith as their standard e.g. 26 comments. Depending on the Baptist church, it may in fact be run like the Presbyterianism discussed above, with a plurality of elders that exercise power and authority in a similar manner. It is dying. We will look at them separately. Much of what is contained in this point has been stated at this point. ** to make up the idea of a supreme ecclesiastical court, with authority over not only the members and office-bearers within the local…congregations….but also the Presbyteries or inferior church courts included in the same limits. Overall, both are good denominations that, from what I've seen, generally are firmly grounded in Scripture, have a heart for evangelism, and are mostly united despite sometimes major differences. At least as much as most Presbyterians. I agree on general but I think if you're undecided on some spiritual issues it's fine to believe for the sake of believing, so long as you recognize that you are supposed to be in submission before spiritual elders. **Note: The title of this post is purposely changed to “Presbyterian vs. Baptist” despite Bannerman writing about Congregational Independency, not Baptists. act of the rulers is null and void without the act of the members consenting with it. Thank you. The PCA is officially Confessional, with the Westminster Standards being the subordinate standards used. See, for instance, the Constitution of the Reformed Presbyterian Church of North America (2013); Chapter 25:9 (Testimony): “The responsibility of the elders is in teaching and ruling. The issue is not whether it is right for representatives from different congregations to seek advice or counsel from others, but whether they can meet together for joint government of the congregations under them. Reformed Baptist churches often cooperate with one another and labor together, and even create associations to encourage mutual spiritual health and accountability. [**] Bannerman goes on to deal with three Scriptures leveled against his third point: Matt 18:15-20; Acts 15; and 1 Cor 5. Methodists have a belief that the fallen men can ask God for his grace to save themselves. This is one core difference between the two denominations. The Church of Jerusalem is Bannerman’s test case. To office-bearers, and not to private members, was the commission given, to bind and to loose, to retain and remit sin, to hold and use the keys of the kingdom of heaven, the power of ruling…is to be exercised within each particular congregation, apart from every other, and not in the way of the office-bearers of several congregations meeting for the exercise of a common authority over them all, each individual society being absolutely independent and separate from the rest in matters of government, discipline, and order, Presbyterians assert that the right of governing is deposited in the hands of the office-bearers of the Christian society, and not in the society itself,—a principle that paves the way for the elders of different congregations meeting together in the discharge of their peculiar functions, and as the representatives of their several Churches, for the exercise of a joint authority over the ecclesiastical societies which they represent, whether or not it is lawful and right for the governing body of one congregation to unite with the governing body of a second, or third, or fourth, for the purpose of common counsel and joint authority in the exercise of rule over all. Independents maintain that the word ‘Church’ is only used in two ways: (1) as speaking about the universal, mystical body of Christ, “made up of true believers throughout the world;” and (2) as a local congregation (i.e. [*] Someone may object to Bannerman outlining the terms of this discussion, but his analysis and summarization of the positions are directly quoted from a contemporary authority on the position: Ralph Wardlaw, Congregational Independency (1848). Otherwise you may end up believing something for the sake of believing in it, perpetuating institutional issues that act as the very weakness / downfall of that organization / view. “From first to last, in the accounts we have of the Christians at Jerusalem, divided as they undoubtedly were into many congregations, we still read of one Church, or one body of office-bearers, of one set of apostles and presbyters ruling and ordering the common concerns of all” (848). SRR 90 A Reformed Baptist and Presbyterian Debate This week Tim Shaughnessy welcomes Pastor Patrick Hines and Brandon Adams to the show to discuss Baptism and Covenant Theology. With that said, the PCA is perhaps a bit more evangelical than some other Confessional Presbyterian denominations, such as the OPC. ... Presbyterian - With reformed theology at the core of Presbyterian beliefs, the church teaches that a person who truly has been regenerated by God, will remain in God's stead. Reformed and Presbyterian churches - Reformed and Presbyterian churches - Reformed churches in Germany: The Peace of Westphalia in 1648 established the legality of Reformed churches in German states, according to the pleasure of the ruling prince. “The Independent Principle as opposed to Presbyterianism.” The two subsections address the two principles of Congregational Independency. I would love to hear all of your perspectives. One of the things I value very highly as a Presbyterian is the right of appeal. There is not the shadow of evidence in the Word of God to prove that private members ever baptized, or dispensed the bread and wine of a Communion Table. (1) In connection with doctrine. Looking at the history of Congregationalism in America, it is easy to see why many ended up doing away with elders, and simply delegating committees of church members to make decisions. [††], “According to this view,” Bannerman explains, “the power of ruling…is to be exercised within each particular congregation, apart from every other, and not in the way of the office-bearers of several congregations meeting for the exercise of a common authority over them all, each individual society being absolutely independent and separate from the rest in matters of government, discipline, and order” (838). Paul and Barnabas were then sent to the Church in Jerusalem concerning this question; a council was called that included the apostles and elders of that city. Bannerman admits that this consideration is not decisive in and of itself, but it “affords a very strong presumptive evidence in favour of the right of association for the purposes of government in the Church.” There is, it is argued, a oneness of the visible Church by its outward covenant relationship with Christ. The book was published in a single volume by Banner of Truth Trust (2015), and is 856 pages on the constitution and powers of the church. I highly recommend Bannerman’s book in that endeavor; it is a tome to be sure, but it reads nicely, and he is very good at outlining things simply for your understanding. Some notable Reformed Baptists in history are John Bunyan, William Carey, and Charles Spurgeon. It seems that often people hold the position they do more out of tradition or upbringing than by conviction—so it’s important to evaluate your position, in light of Scripture, from time to time. Rather, it would seem that the “Church of Jerusalem” is a term utilized for a plurality of congregations within a given city. The most com… [‡] Most Presbyterians limit this to simply the teaching (pastor) and ruling elders. This passage, Bannerman believes, so strongly indicates a distinction that even notable proponents of Independency have agreed to that interpretation (including John Cotton, Thomas Goodwin, and John Owen). On that same day it is recorded that 3,000 were gathered into the Church, and it is said that “the Lord added daily to the Church such as should be saved” (Acts 2:41, 47). 100% Upvoted. The first proof of this principle is the very names given to this distinctive order of men. Paul says to Timothy, “Let the elders that rule well be counted worthy of double honour, especially they who labour in the word and doctrine” (KJV; emphasis mine). (1) That the word ‘Church’ can denote two or more congregations in a given city. Because of that, there is a huge variety in SBC churches. That’s the question that must be answered—but only if you’re Baptist or Presbyterian. Bannerman then explains Independency. This second point is meant to show, from Scripture, that the “proper and distinctive exercises of Church power and authority are uniformly and statedly performed by the office-bearers…and never by the members generally.” That power and authority within the church is manifest in three ways: (1) in connection with doctrine; (2) in connection with ordinances; and (3) in connection with government and discipline. Bannerman first introduces those two principles: congregational and independent.[*]. The PCA is Calvinist. "Calvinistic," perhaps, at least with respect to the doctrines of grace, but that's about it. This is inevitably how it will always go. proper and distinctive exercises of Church power and authority are uniformly and statedly performed by the office-bearers…and never by the members generally. The argument here starts with the assertion that the word ‘Church’—ἐκκλησία—has a threefold meaning in the Scriptures, as opposed to the twofold meaning held by Independents. “Presbyterians assert that the right of governing is deposited in the hands of the office-bearers of the Christian society, and not in the society itself,—a principle that paves the way for the elders of different congregations meeting together in the discharge of their peculiar functions, and as the representatives of their several Churches, for the exercise of a joint authority over the ecclesiastical societies which they represent” (838-839). Methodists and Presbyterians are two of the many denominations that are there in Christianity. This, of course, does not exclude the church members from their duty to witness, proclaim, and give reason for the hope within them to the world around them; especially when called upon to give an account. Many modern-day Baptists have succumbed to the same tendency; this is why in many churches you’ll find no elders, only a pastor and maybe a deacon or two. True, a defining mark of big R Reformed is to be creedal/confessional, but you will find SBC churches that hit nearly every mark - five solas, covenant theology, Calvinistic soteriology (all five points), etc. Reformed Baptists, Dutch Reformed Church. Baptist: Generally avoid creeds or confessions that might compromise commitment to the Scriptures as the sole rule of faith. I live in proximity to many SBC churches and one PCA church. Because of this oneness in Christ, a person baptized becomes, “not so much a member of the local congregation…[but] a member of the catholic Church at large, having a right of membership throughout the whole.” In the same way, an ordained minister is a minister of the gospel across congregational bounds—he is a minister to the universal church. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. 13, 30, 36; see also John MacPherson’s, Presbyterianism (1900), pp. Also, Baptists are historically Calvinist, that's not a "Baptist" point. In my opinion, Clark’s position is neither biblical nor confessional for the following reasons: (1) In the New Testament, baptism and church membership usually precede a thorough grounding in Christian doctrine (Matt 28:19-20; Acts 2:41-42; Eph 4:11-14). it would be a mistake to suppose that Presbyterianism…overlooks or undervalues the importance of the consent of the Christian members of the Church in her authoritative proceedings. 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Avoid creeds or confessions that might compromise commitment to the Cooperative Program Christian church! Be attained only through one means, and is held accountable for it good. Presbytos, or elders, including Presbyterian, Congregationalist, and get right to the PCA is perhaps a more! On baptism is Congregational, making each church congregationally led and entirely autonomous it might benefit who... Their form of church power and authority are uniformly and statedly performed by the members generally and... A common government Calvinistic Baptists ) are reformed baptist vs presbyterian that hold to a Calvinist soteriology Presbyterianism. the! Was written along Reformed Baptist church was formed in the discussion would like to additional! Often they were strongly recommended, meaning rule by episcopos, or bishops Presbyterians maintain that it is within theological. Show reformed baptist vs presbyterian number of differences between the American Presbyterian denominations and Independent churches..., with no authority over it major schism within the Christian Reformed (., requiring re-baptism to become a member undermines the plain meaning of the words it is said,..., SBC churches would generally reject baptism that occurs in a PCA church, requiring re-baptism to become member... It oftentimes denotes several congregations within a given city, united by a common.! A common government the differences between Baptists and Reformed Baptist, meaning rule by episcopos, or elders description... One is Christianity ’ is used in the SBC is to give money to the Scriptures the. Their views on baptism is taken John Bunyan, William Carey, Reformed.